PsychoWards

Mirror: you have 2 drives, the data is stored in those 2 drives, they are exact replications of one another and you can lose 1 drive, you have the capacity of 1 drive. RaidZ1: you have at least 3 drives and data is stored on multiple drives, while 1 drive is being used for parity.You can lose 1 drive and have the capacity of all drives combined -1 drive RaidZ2/3: Similar to RaidZ1, but you can lose 2/3 drives and your capacity is that of all drives -2/3 drives Stripped: You have only 1 drive and if it dies everything is gone.

Please don't use an external USB enclosure, this is just asking for trouble, because very often they are not forwarding the drives serial number but are just giving a generic one, which means that Hexos cannot differentiate between drives and will not be able to create a pool or use those drives. Only stick with internal SATA ports and SATA expansion cards to avoid any trouble. A lot of people in here are using Jonsbo cases, which exists in various sizes to accommodate varying amount of drives. A couple of remarks to keep in mind: You need a dedicated drive just for the OS and you cannot use it for anything else. Don't waste a 1TB SSD on this, 16GB is all you need, so go for a low capacity one. With 2 drives Hexos will create a mirrored Pool which cannot be extended, if you want to extended your Pool later on you need 3 drives now to create a RaidZ1 which is extendable. If you go for the 2 drives now, 4 drives in total later, you will have 2 mirrored drives and only the capacity of 2 drives in total Stay away from SMR HDDs. If you decide to go custom built, please post your specs in here as there are some pitfalls which we can help you avoid. 🙂

Hey, With Ryzen 1000-3000 CPUs you have to disable all the C-states or else the server is constantly freezing, just something to keep in mind

That's impressive, glad that it's working as you expected it =D Is your pool 2 now RaidZ2? 🙂 How do you intend to copy the files over? If the old server is Hexos/Truenas I would recommend replication task via network or just chuck the old drives in the new server and do a replication tasks from one pool to the other. If it's none Hexos/Truenas then good luck 😁 nah just kidding rsync is also awesome and if you leave it running you should be done in a week 🙂 Do you have an UPS for your setup?

Hey, I'm not sure if I understand you question, but yes you will find a link to download the OS which you then need to install as a new OS. During the installation process you can choose to skip the creation of a new pool if you want to import an existing pool. This however has then to be done in the truenas GUI. As for Hexos, it only supports Truenas 24.10.2.X. 25.04 is currently not supported and will break some functions/displays in Hexos.

Hey, For Plex/Jellyfin the recommendation is generally to go with Intel CPUs (at least 12th gen) because Intel Quick Sync is really great for decoding/encoding, much better then AMD in fact. Some people would say to avoid 13th & 14th gen and to go for either 12th or Core Ultra (or how are they called again, the latest gen ?) due to the issues which 13 and 14th gen had/have. i5 or i7 are a good option for Intel. Also if you plan to use Proxmox, use it as the OS and not Hexos. You can host Hexos as a VM in Proxmox but you definitely should not host Proxmox as a VM in Hexos. This is a decision which you should take and already deploy now, because changing it afterwards is a lot of work and hassle.

Tailscale or Wireguard as a VPN are the safest options. If you want a public domain, so that you can access it from any device, you first need a public domain and a reverse proxy (Nginx Proxy Manager, Traefik, Caddy). However this is pretty much a security risk without hardening, so you likely want to use cloudflare, a good firewall (ditch your ISP router and go for OpnSense or OpenWRT) and MMO Fail2Ban like Crowdsec. There are still other ways to secure your network (VLAN, DMZ etc.). VPN is the quickest with little setup, domain is the more versatile with a loooooot more setup to do to not risk your data.

Hey, Yes you can use your old Synology NAS as the target for a backup, but you cannot install Hexos on it, it can only run the proprietary Synology OS on it. You still need a way to connect from your place to your parents house, this is in your case likely best done by setting up a VPN server (Wireguard or Tailscale) on your parents side. (either in the router or the NAS). Then you just need to setup a rsync task which is running periodically, you find a lot of guides out there on how to do this, for the time being you need to configure this in Truenas and not they Hexos dashboard. It's best to do the initial filling via the local network and only afterwards move the NAS to your parents place for the delta backups.

Hey, 1 license is for 1 single server. Your use case would be 2 servers and thus 2 licenses. (because each server needs it own OS to be installed) However buddy backup is not yet available, you can however already today realise this using different ways, which do require a bit of setup. (but still a 2nd Hexos license)

SFP+ to RJ45 are getting hooooot, they are using significantly more power compared to fibre optics.

10Gbps is gimmicky for most users around here. If you're not editing directly off the NAS or have a lot of users accessing it, there is very likely no need to get 10Gbps, 2.5 Gbps is more than enough. But it's still fun to watch those high numbers, so if it's worth doing (2.5), it's worth overdoing (10) 😂

Once, you do the initial backup to your new low cost, not yet existing, but already way more thought out that you like to admit , server via buddy backup or ZFS replication task, you will see and notice the full speed. After that, it's not gonna make a huge difference 😂 Also if you want a good GPU for AI or ML, used RTX3090 (non ti) can be bought for 600$/€ and likely delivery the best bang for buck. You're welcome 🙃

Ah, I see that makes a lot of sense. Better safe then sorry and in comparison it's only a minor investment. Upgrading the network to 10Gbps isn't cheap, I understand that you don't want to buy it yet, especially if you cannot profit from it yet. If you eventually upgrade, will you be going the RJ45 path or go for SFP+ ? I've not found many affordable RJ45 10Gbps switches or at least not with many 10Gbps ports, but found some really affordable 8port SFP+ 10Gbps switches. I got myself SFP+ switches and Intel X540 NICs and I'm just using SFP+ to RJ45 for the connection to the 2.5Gbps switch (which is full RJ45). You probably haven't thought about that yet I imagine 🙂

Seeing the drives and components, the 265k build title could also be understood as the price for the server. 😉 🙂 😛 So, did I understood correctly that you want to do a 3 drive mirror with the 980 Pros ? Why not do a Z1 instead ? You really want the double redundancy? 🙂

If you are adding an L2ARC, the general rule of thump is that it should be 10x your RAM. So. If you only have 16GB of RAM don't put a 1TB SSD as L2ARC, because the L2ARC also puts strain on your memory and putting to much of it hurts the system in the end. Also L2ARC and Metadata SSD might be redundant, if the metadata is stored in the L2ARC, there is no point in having the SSD and vis versa but this depends a lot on the hitrate of your ARC.

Hey, You cannot the change RaidZ type. If you want to change it from RaidZ1 to RaidZ2, you need to delete your existing pool and manually create a new RaidZ2 pool in the Truenas GUI. This will wipe all your data. However what you can do, is create a new RaidZ1 or RaidZ2 VDEV and expend your Pool this way, such that you have 2 VDEVs in 1 Pool.

Hey, I would (and am) using the 2nd slot for a redundant boot drive. There is no write cache in Hexos, so no way to increase write performance. There is a read only cache called L2ARC and as you mentioned you can offload some metadata to the drive: There is no "best use case", because it really depends on the own needs and what is the most important to you. You might not even notice the benefits of using an SSD to store metadata, or your primary boot SSD might never die. It's a matter of reading into the different options and make an education decision based on what's important for you and what isn't. 🙂

Nginx Proxy Manager (NPM) or Traefik. Both of them can be secured with Crowdsec.

That's great to hear and thank you for the feedback. 🙂

You need to deactivate the C-States in the BIOS for Ryzen 1000-3000 CPUs, because this is causing the crashes.

Can you please post the HW specs of your server?

Hey @freid What do you want to do with the cache drive? Please check this post from @Sonic for more information about cache in Hexos:

Hey, yes this is possible, someone already mentioned it in this forum however I don't have any details and it might not be as easily setup as Synology Drive Client. First of all, if it should be reachable over the Internet you either need to setup a VPN or a reversed proxy with a domain. This however is true for every service which you want to reach from the Internet and not limited to the drive replacement. But once you have this setup it's easily configured for Immich and your media player if needed. Immich is great, it's a free self hosted replacement for Google Photos. Concerning Buddy Backup it's foreseen to come this year, but you need a second (Hexos) server (and hexos licenses if you want to run it yourself) to backup to. But even without Buddy Backup, local backups to another Hexos/Truenas server is easily done using the replication tasks. You run do everything on the same server, this saves you the costs of having to run 2 servers and you only need to maintain 1 server. It's best to use Jellyfin or Plex (although Plex is alienating a lot of users recently which are switching to Jellyfin) on your server with an iGPU or dedicated GPU. As long as you have a decent GPU and not a lot of people streaming at the same time, performance impact is not an issue. Stay away from Realtek NICs (they are not supported and a lot of problems reported in this forum regarding connectivity or speed were solved by replacing the realtek NIC). If you need to get a new NIC, go for an Intel 2.5 or 10 Gbit/s NIC depending on your future network upgrade plans. Intel iGPUs are great for media streaming/transcoding and you don't need a dedicated GPU just for this. Immich does leverage a dedicated GPU for Machine Learning stuff but doesn't warrant a dedicated GPU just for this purpose. You need at least 2 data drives and 1 small boot drive. The boot drive can't be used for anything else then the OS so don't use a 1TB drive for this, a 16GB SSD is enough. With 2 data drives, Hexos is creating a mirrored pool which is not expandable in size, therefore you need to create a pool with at least 3 data drives to be able to expand in the future. Stay away from SMR drives (Desktop drives or WD RED (non plus, non pro)) make sure to only go for CMR drives. If you want to get new HW or reuse your existing server, you can post the components in here and you will get help to match the parts as best as possible and avoid certain pitfalls.

Could this be linked to reinstall vs reclaim? Those cases which I noticed which wiped the drives were all reinstalls of Hexos as in this case. Other cases w/o data loss were reclaims of an existing installation. I didn't look into every single case, but this was a pattern I noticed.

You can use something like Navidrome for Music Streaming, since you need a reverse proxy anyway this can be setup quite easily to be reachable over the Internet and is not behind a paywall.